M O C K W E E K

Key assessment three – 80 minutes

Component 1 A

In what ways do music videos encode viewpoints and ideologies? Make reference to Formation by Beyoncé and Riptide by Jack Vance.  [30]
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IDEOLOGIES IN THE MUSIC VIDEOS :

RIPTIDE - Confussion
FORMATION - Racism, embracing your roots, slavery, Hurricane in New Orleans
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Ideologies - a thought, opinion or belief
Ideologies are constructed through:

• Codes and conventions – performance/narrative/experimental features
• Camera work (framing – shot types, angle, position, movement)
• Editing – beat-matched?
• Elements of continuity/montage
• How does the video interpret the music and/or lyrics?
• Structure/narrative
• Intertextuality
• Sound
• Mise-en-scene – colour, lighting, location, costume/dress, hair/make-up 

Ideologies are constructed by the producer to spread their own ideologies to their target audience. Audience manipulation

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Media Language -

Barthes - Proairtic , Hermenuetic , Symbolic & Referential codes

Levi - Strauss - Structuralism / Binary opposition ( 2 ideas being in conflict  with each other to create narrative)

Representation -

Hall - Representation  is a re - presentation of a certain group within society, stereotypes.

Gauntlett - Pick and Mix theory & identity

Van Zoonen - Feminist theories, Male Gaze 

bell hooks - Feminist theory, feminsism for everything  
Gilroy - Racial heirarchy and post colonialism (white people are put in a better position than black people)
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Encoding ideological perspectives : RIPTIDE

Women are vulnerable - low key lighting, intense, surrounded by darkness, mysterious, hostage like situation - intextertuality/ referential code.
Smeared makeup - bad situation , scared, panic, breakdown, weak.
shot of the woman running behind - voyueristic tracking shot positions the audience as a perv.

Encoding ideological perspectives : FORMATION 

Beyonce represents black women in southern america
Black women are encoded as independant as well as isolated as Beyonce are sat on top of a sinking car all on her ones.
Media language encoding this idea - her gesture very powerful and strong pose. 
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Component 1 B

Explore the ways in which production, distribution and circulation have shaped the newspapers you have studied. Make reference to The Daily Mirror and The Times. [15]

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Curran and Seaton - Power and media industries ( the media is controlled by a small number of huge companies/conglomerates ) media concentration limits creativity and variety  

Livingstone - Regulation theories. BBFC. People can be manipulated by media so it's better not to expose them to it at certain ages. E.g. 18 certificates should not be shown to children because they could be traumatised. Criticises regulation because of digital technologies

Hesmondhalgh - Cultural industries ( media producers to minimise risk and maximise audience through horizontal and vertical integration)

Trinity mirror distributes daily mirror and all that. But it no longer exists. They bought the Daily Express. Very far right paper. Trinity mirror has now renamed themselves as " Reach". REBRANDED. This is called Horizontal Intrigration

Distribution - How the producer gives the product to the audience
Production - How the producer makes the media product
Circulation - The number of copies printed

The Daily Mirror

TABLIOD
MORE INFORMAL
EASIER TO READ
BIGGER HEADLINES
PRICE: 50p
LEFT WINGED - LABOUR
18% LESS CIRCULATION 2017

The Times

BROADSHEET
FORMAL
LARGER
TAKES LONGER TO READ
USE OF JARGIN - ASSUMING AUDIENCE KNOWLEDGE 
PRICE: £1
RIGHT WINGED - CONSERVATIVE 


COMPANIES OWNING NEWSPAPERS - NEWSCORP ( MURDOC ) DMG MEDIA AND REACH

DISADVANTAGES OF PRINT BASED MEDIA
- inconvenient
- smaller target audience, generational thing
- the news changes all the time, not as on point
ADVANTAGES OF PRINT BASED MEDIA
- employs lots more people
- some people enjoy the motif of going to buy a newspaper
ADVANTAGES OF ONLINE MEDIA
- instant 
- convenient 
- updated hourly
- allows newspaper companies to target people who do not buy newspapers
- less regulation
DISADVANTAGES OF ONLINE MEDIA
- reliant on internet
- targeted advertisements
- less regulation

IPSO - Regulates newspapers in the uk. They replaced the PCC. Tells newspapers not to report suicide or mention ethnicity within articles


In a nutshell - production,distribution and circulation have shaped the UK newspaper industry in a variety of ways. Production, distribution and circulation are primarily influenced by ownership, regulation, and digital technological advances.

The newspaper industry is heavily conglomerated, and utilizes both horizontal and vertical integration. Unlike other countries, for example The US, UK newspapers are able to demonstrate considerable political bias, which reflects the political views of it's owners.

Technological advances

Print readership has been in steady decline in the UK. This is for a number of reasons. Both broadcast news and online news sources have eaten in to the circulation of print media. Online media offers audiences many advantages, such as easier access, the ability to comment on news stories, and the ability to share them via social media. But there are advantages for producers too. Stories can be instantly published after being written, and can be targeted at specific audiences through social media. Additionally, producers can create apps, which optimise the functionality of news on users' mobile phones, creating a potentially more immersive experience. Hesmondhalgh suggests there are many ways that media conglomerates can minimise risks, such as focusing on tried and tested aspects of audience appeal such as genre conventions and celebrity appeal.

Regulation

As Livingstone and Lunt suggest, technological changes have lead to regulation proving ineffective for UK news media. The infringements leading up to the Leveson inquiry are an excellent example of this, and is required reading for all media students.

Circulation figures

The Daily Mirror -  626,541 (as of September 2017. Read this link for stats on the significant losses in readership the Trinity Mirror Reach group have incurred)

The Times - 448,533

Red tops and broadsheets

Both the Mirror and The Times appeal to different audiences. 

The Daily Mirror is a tabloid newspaper that appeals to a working class audience. This is reflected through it's informal mode of address, it's cover price of 50p (still significantly more expensive than many other UK tabloids), and it's focus on sport and 'soft' news. Unusually for a red top, the Mirror has a left of center ideological perspective, and tends to favour the Labour party. The Labour party have traditionally been a party associated with the working class in the UK, though this association has changed significantly since the 1980's. By appealing to working class, left wing audiences, The Daily Mirror's news agenda is more likely to focus on human interest stories, soft news such as celebrity gossip, and articles critical of the current right wing government.

The Times is a broadsheet, and offer's it's middle class target audience a formal mode of address and a focus on 'hard' political stories. This is reflected further in the cover price, which is currently £1. This is cheaper than other broadsheets, for example The Financial Times and The Guardian, but significantly more expensive that most tabloids. By appealing to right wing, middle class audiences, The Times' news agenda is more likely to focus on stories critical of left wing governments and social change.
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Component 2

To what extent has sociohistorical context influenced representations in the magazines you have studied? Make reference to both Adbusters and Woman.  [30]
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Woman was created during the woman's liberation movement. Women were becoming more independant at the time. 

PLAN :

• Stereotypes
• Hegemony 
• Patriarchal Hegemony
• Objectification
• Meanings in adbusters are never truley fixed - semitotics
• Binary oppositions
• Sexualisation
• Depreciating jokes - making fun of the government and like how people live
• Satire - dark comedy
• Male Gaze
• A level beauty
• Alfrid Hitchcock
• Adbusters - subverts 
• Woman - conforms
• Lifestyle womans magazine - published by IBPC MEDIA
• Culture Jamming/ Alternative - independent Adbusters foundation 

Introduction - DAC

D - DEFINE KEY TERMS 

A - ARGUEMENT / POINT OF VIEW

C - CONTEXT